Bmw’s Dream Factory and Culture Essay

The culture at BMW is an entrepreneurial culture which emphasizes creativity, risk taking and the bottom-up system of freewheeling ideas. The top-down management style is popular in Germany but not at the BMW. As soon as associates start working at the BMW, they will have the sense of the place, history and the mission of the company. BMW creates a working environment that promotes easier communications between leaders and employees. Every employee can contribute his or her ideas and creations via either formal or informal ways. For example, an employee sees his or her supervisor by chance on the way to lunch, he/she can tell this person of the idea which has just happened in his/her mind. More importantly, their voices and their ideas are heard, welcomed and brought into discussions and consideration. As a result, a car from BMW is often a production of thousands of impromptu brainstorming sessions. Furthermore, BMW cares for the benefits of its employees. It includes all employees in profit sharing. It has a plan that distributes as much as one and a half months’ extra pay at the end of the year to employees. The company also provides a high level of job security for its employees. Lastly, BMW also focuses on high-quality but practical products which meet the demand of consumers and are highly competitive with other auto producers. The company’s near-failure from producing impractical and expensive cars during the postwar time in 1959 was a big lesson for them. This near-failure is always retold and mentioned in all new orientations for the new associates. It helps to remind all employees at BMW of a lesson learned for the company in developing its plans in the future and ensuring that kind of mistake should never happen again. 2. Discuss the model of leadership illustrated at BMW. The model of leadership illustrated at BMW is the consideration model of leadership. The leaders at BMW have close relationships with subordinates that are based on mutual trust, two-way and open communications, and respect for employees’ ideas. The managers at BMW must stay humble and work closely with subordinates and their peers. The Leipzig factory, which looks like an art museum, is a very creative working environment that can make the communications between managers and employees easier. Managers at BMW are the ones who know to make the right questions to ask their subordinates, not the ones who have all the right answers. They also emphasize the satisfaction of their employees’ needs and provide as many benefits to their employees as possible. They are approachable and always willing to listen to their employees. They think if the employees are well motivated, better cars will be produced. . Discuss how the leadership model contributes to the culture. The leadership model at BMW shortens the distance between leaders and subordinates. The relationships between them are built on mutual trust. Employees can feel free to raise their innovative ideas to their managers anytime and anywhere. When the employees see that their voice is heard, they are more encouraged to talk. Moreover, the company cares for the employees’ benefits. In return, the employees are very flexible to contribute their best for the company. The employees do not mind working temporarily for months in another work location which requires them to be far away from their family. They are willing to work for extra hours without being concerned about overtime. In summary, the leadership model at BMW has made it such a culture that is quite distinct from other German companies. 4. Discuss why employees derive high job satisfaction at BMW. The employees of BMW derive high job satisfaction because their benefits are well cared of, their voice is heard and their hard work is highly appreciated. Also, their job security at BMW is high. Any employees, regardless of what grade they are, can contribute their ideas and their innovations to the company’s managers easily. There are no complicated, formal processes or procedures required to send their ideas to their management teams. Furthermore, when the company gets more profits, the employees will also be more benefited. Good working environment is developed and paid attention to. In conclusion, BMW’s employees are highly motivated so they are satisfied and willing to contribute more to the development of the company.

Jason Salfi

In which category (or categories) would you place Jason Salfi as an entrepreneur? Why? Give examples. Which of the traditional do you believe best describe Jason Salfi? Why? In the video Jason Salfi started his journey by making and selling his skateboards to his friends and local patriots. At that time Jason Salfi showed obvious signs of a classic entrepreneur. With his growing family Salfi became a lifestyle entrepreneur to gain control over his life and with the passion for skateboards this was pure satisfaction to Jason.When making his skateboard Salfi realized that skateboards were accounting for approximately 40 percent of the natural maple being harvest each year. The products that were used to produce the boards where made with several layers of maple and sprayed with a lacquer based coat, Jason knew there had to be an alternate way to build a durable skateboard. (WILES) After discovering an environmental friendly way to produce his product he sought to make an company that w ould make an imprint on the use of natural resources.With that said Jason Safi then became a social entrepreneur: he recognizes a societal problem and used his previous business principle to develop innovative solutions. Social entrepreneurs are forerunners of modernizations that benefit humanity. If he would develop an additional business following the success of his current business Comet Skateboards then at that time he could add serial entrepreneurship to his many titles.As Comet Skateboards reaches the next level of growth, where might the firm have the best chance of obtaining further financing? Why? It’s so important to differentiate an established business and an newly start up business because funding for an seasoned business is extremely easier to come by. Being that Comet Skateboards is now established and reached the next level of growth for the company debt financing would a convenient method to obtain additional financing.Debt financing is when money is borrowed and it must be paid back. This could be through private investors loans from banks, finance companies, credit card companies, and family or friends are all sources of this method of financing. The Small Business Administration recommends finding alternative methods of funding other than personal credit cards because this source of funding is so expensive. (KURTZ) Reflect on a basic needed service or product in your  immediate community (or someone else’s) and discuss how it can benefit.This can be a large or small, expensive or inexpensive product or service. In my community it’s a dire need for community base organization for our youth Its so many unnecessary crimes being committed by our youth with too much time on their hands †¦ Senseless murders and petty crimes seems to be the way our youth entertain themselves †¦ Ignorance is bliss..I firmly believe that If we had organization that allowed the youth to come together and developing social skills to th rive with in society our crime rate would drastically decline. In today’s world we are more connected than ever due to the internet but we are more disconnected with face to face connections. We need to have a business focused on our youth. We have everything else. This can start as a small inexpensive service it needs only a building and a passionate individual to start the business or should I say movement.

Brothels and Convents in Renaissance and Measure for Measure Essay Example for Free

Brothels and Convents in Renaissance and Measure for Measure Essay In this investigation I will focus mostly on the regulation of both convents and brothels in the time period of Shakespeare and the early Renaissance. Ruth Mazo Karras’ â€Å"The Regulation of Brothels in Later Medieval England,† focuses exactly on this topic throughout England and other European countries during the Renaissance. In regards to the convents I will be looking closely at an article entitled â€Å"Subjects on the World’s Stage: Essays on British Literature of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance,† written by David G. The regulations of brothels in the Renaissance were regarded heavily. Karras says that women within these brothels were basically regarded as evil and as sinners yet they remained occupying the position of prostitution solely because of the sexual appetite of men; these brothels were considered â€Å"†¦a necessary evil† (Karras). The first parallel between women of convents and stews I came to find was that of the aspect of being forbidden from society in a sense. Women of convents were completely shut off from the public, no insiders could leave and no outsiders could come in (Allen). The only difference in the secrecy of these two places was the fact that the brothels were attended by men. Karras also states that the women of brothels were not given any rights that regular women had, â€Å"In some places, she was not allowed to reject any customer, indeed could not be raped because she was considered to belong to all men and thus had no right to withhold consent† (Karras). These two aspects of women’s lives in this time period play a major part in the drama Measure for Measure, and especially set up the scene in the opening act of the play. When Claudio sends for his sister, Isabel, to help him get out of jail, in which he was sentenced to death for having premarital (by the eyes of the church) sex with Juliet, Isabel leaves the convent in which she was about to take her vows in order to save her brother. Thus, we have an almost-nun and sinful intercourse immediately in Act 1, both directly related to the idea of convents and brothels and the women within these places. In this case, however, Juliet is not a prostitute but in the eyes of Angelo and the law is regarded as one because of her and Claudio’s unofficial and insufficient marriage. Brothels and Convents in Renaissance and Measure for Measure. (2016, Oct 13). We have essays on the following topics that may be of interest to you

Research methods in Architecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Research methods in Architecture - Essay Example Architects and design innovation, as recognized by the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) leans towards the inclusion of innovation and efficiency towards energy reduction constructions, which are directly related to the carbon footprint (Dye 2014, p. 2). Researchers have individual preferences in conducting research, as there is no mandatory approach that is predetermined by field authorities or agencies, towards a certain subject or topic (Reason & Bradbury 2006, p. 48). In this critique, the objective is to make a comprehensive analysis and discussion of the methodologies used by Omar Nagati and Celia Lury in the Theory Forum in Border Topology, covering Blurring boundaries, reconstituting borders and Double-Blind, Double Bind: The plane that disappeared respectively. The presentation by Nagati captures the transformation through which Cairo underwent, in a time when the authority seemed void. The presentation covers the idea of boundaries in the context of social and economic profiles, encapsulating the separation and marginalization of Egypt. The reconstruction of boundaries and the people retaking the city is captured in the presentation, with before and after images presented as evidence to portray the progress that has been made by the society. The common concept in the reconstruction of borders is the public space, which attracts the question of belonging and ownership. The temporary absence of the government provided the citizens with an opportunity to engage in a revolt by which reconstitution of infrastructure occurred. The approach used in the development of the presentation involved a lot of data gathering where the images of the subject through different phases were captured (McNiff & Whitehead 2006, p. 88). The research appears to have documented the change through which the society experienced, concentrating on the public spaces and the changes called for by the society, in an effort of reducing

American Dream in Interpretation by David Kamp Essay

American Dream in Interpretation by David Kamp - Essay Example As the paper outlines, David Kamp presents many cultural scenarios and statistical information in his account of the American dream in the early and mid-twentieth century. He demonstrates how the American dream has been achieved in the past, at least on the surface. The living standards have improved; prosperity in life having solidified the widely accepted perceptions of the abundance in the American dream. Kamp additionally notes, on the other hand, that the American Dream has transformed from a national model for an improved, satisfying and joyous life to a debt-burdened truth motivated by excessive spending and the celebrity euphoria. Putting into perspective on a huge dissatisfaction among American and non-American dreamers, Kamp explains that the society’s expectation of the American Dream and what the dream promises are what needs to be altered, and our comprehension of what the fuzzy and loosely used phrase the American Dream is in fact meant to be. In almost all of th e American cultural sequence of events, the Dream has been regular. The American dream euphoria has continuously been generated from the Four Freedoms as described by one of Americas former presidents Franklin D. Roosevelts to modern televised shows such as Americas Next Top Model and Americas Got Talent. All aspects of the American perceived society - social, cultural, economic and political - can be dealt with through the dreams rubric. Even though the phrase was not created until late 1933, its sense, principles, and models have been around for the time when Jefferson declared the unalienable rights of freedom, life and the quest for happiness. Researchers have repeatedly positioned the American Dream origin inside the Puritan enterprise and marked it all the way in American history.

Religious symbolism in literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Religious symbolism in literature - Essay Example Furthermore, the cross has been represented by numerous authors to depict the crucifixion of Jesus (Kozlovic 45). This is symbol of the Christian faith which is used in most of the churches. For instance, the bible asserts that Christ Jesus died on the cross for our sins. According to the book of Colossians chapter one in verse 20, Paul posits that, â€Å"Through his blood, shed on the cross† (Lewis 29). In addition, there are several symbols of cross which have been used in art and history. For instance, the Roman Catholic, and the protestant churches have been implied in various ways. In literature, several authors have alluded to the Garden of Eden in various works. For instance, the early American literature alludes to Christopher Columbus as the first man who discovered America in 1492. In addition, Shakespeare has incorporated both the snake and the garden as recurrent images. Through these images, Old Hamlet is viewed as a very good man who is a victim of the vicious deceptive murder of Claudius. The murder is abhorrent because Old Hamlet is a brother to Claudius, which is a similar incident to that of Cain and Abel in the Bible. Furthermore, when Hamlet is asked about the murder he alludes the Eden images. More so, due to corruption and sins at the court, the garden has been choked by weeds (Dasterdi). In addition, literary authors have also incorporated paradise as religious symbols in literary texts. For instance, in the novel, â€Å"Paradise Lost†, there are varied images about the loss of the true paradise. These images include the Garden of Eden. According to Milton, the Garden of Eden emerges as the best. He also asserts that heaven is another paradise which is ever bright. In book 12, Michael reminds Adam that it’s through Christianity that one can have a perfect life, as Christianity had not been invented. Furthermore, anyone who learns to love God, shall posses an inside paradise. That is paradise

Analysis + personal experience - Is Google Making Us Stupid by Essay

Analysis + personal experience - Is Google Making Us Stupid by Nicholas Carr - Essay Example Carr has argued that rapid approach to information by using the internet has led us to become impatient and anxious with reading and has encouraged us to develop the habit of just skimming through material instead of reading it thoroughly. He says â€Å"Once I was a scuba diver in the sea of words. Now I zip along the surface like a guy on a Jet Ski.†(534) He has further elaborated that the brain of a human acts in response to alterations in technology and so our concentration spans have fallen owing to the impact of the Internet as he says, â€Å"The brain,† according to Olds, â€Å"has the ability to reprogram itself on the fly, altering the way it functions.† (536) Moreover in order to preface his stance he has used some tales from bloggers and has quoted examples from the researchers who have investigated on the topic. He has emphasized on the point that humans have adopted the speed that computers and internet have conveyed them. Carr cites the Kubrick’s prediction â€Å"as we come to rely on computers to mediate our understanding of the world, it is our own intelligence that flattens into artificial intelligence.† (541).The article discusses the deteriorating reading habits of students and the dehumanizing effects of the internet on the lives of the people extensively using it. ... to be devoid of emotions and they work like machines as he quotes â€Å"In deciding when to eat, to work, to sleep, to rise, we stopped listening to our senses and started obeying the clock.†(537) Before the invention of the clock people worked according to their own strength and capability but in today’s century we measure our biological needs from the time shown by the clock. As Carr states â€Å"Thanks to our brain’s plasticity, the adaptation occurs also at a biological level.† (537).Ironically we have taken on the unremitting speed of the machines that were invented to make things easier for us. Carr supports his stance by saying â€Å"When the mechanical clock arrived, people began thinking of their brains as operating â€Å"like clockwork.† (537) Moreover there has been a trend in students to browse and paraphrase whatever they find with a few clicks and instead of analyzing their material properly, they are determined to just skim through i t. Carr in his article states that â€Å"It is clear that users are not reading online in the traditional sense; indeed there are signs that new forms of ‘reading’ are emerging as users ‘power browse’ horizontally through titles, contents pages and abstracts going for quick wins.† (535). The author of the book ‘The death of "why?† the decline of questioning and the future of democracy’ Andrea Batista states â€Å"young people are barely reading what they find anyway_ because internet is changing the very way they read.† The technique with which students now read on the internet is different from the conventional way that had been followed since long. Even Carr states that it is difficult for him to sit and read â€Å"The deep reading that used to come naturally has become a struggle.†(534) students have developed

The physical access control security Research Paper

The physical access control security - Research Paper Example Acumen Legal service is a firm that deals with consultancy of issues of family and divorce, which are private and confidential As such, information should only be accessed by authorized personnel. The organization has instilled various security measures that restrict physical access to the information, which can be used to harm the clients. The aim of this essay is to describe the physical security measures at the workplace and their weaknesses. The door at the entrance of the building or an office is the key access point. The operator controls the main door and opens it after the guard and the electronic system have checked the entrants to the building. The offices at the workplace have an electronic access control door, which has a standalone electric lock and a reader unlocks it. The readers; a keypad where a code is entered transmits the number of the card to the control panel of access that validates the number against the access list (Fenelly, 2001). The exit door is not controlled but only the entry of the door. The company did away with the closed circuit television (CCTV) and employed the use of automated systems using video to monitor the movement of individuals within and twenty yards around the work area. Review occurs in case an attack occurs and proper action is taken. The shots taken by the camera are usually transmitted on the computer networks (Fenelly, 2001). The shots taken are digitalized and become data, which is easier to store, manage and restrict access, than in the previous format. The people who have authority to access the area in which computers are kept should be restricted. This is because of theft, vandalism and unauthorized access of the workplace and systems. The control access system handles different categories of personnel, each who have different conditions of success in the workplace. They include operators and system users who work in the secure area regularly, engineers and support staffs that need access on occasions and

Both Tocqueville And Weber Believe That You Cannot Understand Modern Essay

Both Tocqueville And Weber Believe That You Cannot Understand Modern Society Without Understanding Religion - Essay Example On the other hand Tocqueville is also revered for his theories and ideas about present norms of civil society and culture. As compared to other thinkers and philosophers they have been able to retain the acceptance of their ideas among various sects of society. Max Weber wrote The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism in 1905. It was one of the important sociological works of the last century. He tried to explain the history of past 500 years of Europe. The so-called era Enlightenment that revolutionized almost every aspect of the life of Europeans first and then whole world. He was surprised to note that initially this revolution affected Europe only and then spread everywhere with the spread of colonization. This revolution actually gave a rational interpretation the life. Weber considered American society most ideal society to be studied for understanding the great sociological evolution. Fortunately American society was combination all those necessary factors required for such type of evolution. These factors are vast land with enormous resources, diverse population coming from almost all parts of world, secular practices in pragmatic matters. All these and some other factors worked as catalyst for grand revolution in short span of time. Thus a unique culture and civilization evolved. No nation in the world became such a great-civilized power like Americans. All other civilizations that evolved in the past were influence by some sort of religious or racial movements. Weber did not stop here but he went one step forward and declared that there is no possibility in foreseeable future that any other nation may evolve so rapidly and may get so much favorable factors. Weber seems a little pessimist when he says that capitalism has reached it extreme height in America and perhaps it is its last stage. It can not go beyond this. He was very impressed by the extreme capitalist nature of American economy and society and appreciated it. He thought that Americans have used the theories of capitalism in the best way. After all the praise for the rapid development of American society and economy, Weber seems little concerned about the religious influence on American life. He liked the positive role played by religion in enhancing the ethical values. He found the secret of success of those religious groups after extensive travelling. He observed that majority of religious reformists did their work voluntarily. They were successful and active members of society with strong moral character. Weber was a keen observer; he saw great contrast between the socially isolated Church of Europe and socially integrated church of America. He was very impressed by the influence of American religious groups on the social life of common Americans. These religious groups were less interested in religious rituals but they were keen to reform the society morally and ethically. They were very selective in recruiting the volunteers for their lines. They only took those people whom morally strong and believed the well-established ethical values. These religious groups had a great impact on the American society. They never separated religion from practical social life. They actually taught the society to be morally ethical, religiously strong and professionally useful and adept in the field of their particular expertise. He thought those traditional

Chevy Silverado advertisement, Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chevy Silverado advertisement, - Essay Example Luther king Jnr in the commercial as the theme song progresses with the words â€Å"I believe there is a dream for everyone† is aimed at provoking the mind of the potential customer that the Silverado is their dream car. It is also a car for the entire American population; black or white. The use of the images of Armstrong on the moon shows it can be viewed as a truck of prestige. The landing of man on the moon was a prestigious occasion for America. The technology involved in doing it could also suggest that the Chevy is a technologically advanced truck. There are images of the hurricane’s devastating effects with an older make of the Chevy being used for the reconstruction. This portrays the Chevy brand as reliable trucks. The three historical events have all brought the American people together. It could be in different fronts but their happening has brought a sense of unity to the country. The Martin Luther King brought the fight for civil rights and won the fight against racial segregation. This united the American races. The landing on the moon for the first time also brought Americans together in pride. The hurricanes that have devastated the people of America have also seen the country unite in agony and gloom. The larger picture is that the car is a unifying factor. They show the Silverado as a car with rich history and indispensible value. Chevy has used these events in their commercial effectively but not accurately. If the events were to compel the buyers, they should have had more emphasis laid on them. The events should have been played slowly. The commercial is very fast paced and has a very busy theme with so many clips flashing by. However, the average American should understand the context. Apart from the used historical events, Chevy could have considered the use of the bombing of the W.T.O. It would have portrayed the vehicle as a strong truck against the background of the falling houses. This would not be any different from the Hurricane

Someone Who Has Changed My Life Essay Example for Free

Someone Who Has Changed My Life Essay Romans chapter 4 is about how faith is the means for is proof that faith has always been the means for justification. Paul reflects back to the Old Testament patriarchs who were justified by faith, not works, to illustrate his point. Paul uses this illustration to prove that Gentiles were part of this promise given to Abraham. The whole world was blessed through him because he chose to believe God rather than his circumstances and because of this, his faith was credited to him as righteousness. Chapter 4 shows proof that faith is the true meaning of justification. It tell us in the beginning of the chapter that Abraham trusted God to set him right instead of trying to be right on his own. I believed that we all should do that because God is the only one that knows best for us. We all think we know when we have a situation in our hands but we actually don’t know anything if we don’t ask God to help us out in it. It also goes back to the Old Testaments to show us that patriarchs who were justified by faith, not by works alone. Paul uses this example to prove that Gentiles were part of this promise given to Abraham. The entire world was blessed through him because he chose to believe God rather than his circumstance and because of this, his faith was credited to him as righteousness. Chapter 5 had a lot of things to talk about. It lost me i had to read it a couple times to understand it. I believe that Paul was trying to tell us that after being justify we will be saved. It also shows that we rejoice in the glory of God. It also shows that tribulation produces patience. Sin, death, judgement, condemnation entered the world by one man but after it tells us that Jesus Christ brought grace, gift, justification, life and righteousness. I learned that sin reigned in death meanwhile grace reign in eternal life. I knew that from before but it reinforced it. Chapter 6 talks about different things. It teaches us that as born again believers, sin’s power over us is broken. I learned that we shall not continue in sin that grace may abound. i also learned that we are buried with Christ through baptism unto death. We shouldn’t allow sin to reign over us. The wage of sin is death and the gift of God is eternal life.Paul explains that we are freed from sin and made alive to God through Jesus Christ. Our sin was taken away when he got crucified for us. Chapter 7 shows the difference between living bound to the law and living fresh b the spirit of God. Tells us to serve God with newness of spirit. The law is not sin but the law is holy and spiritual. Paul mentions the law of God, law in my members, law of my mind, law of sin. Paul also mentioned that he served the law of God with his mind. My favorite chapter of all 4 that I read was the first one I really got something out of it. Sometimes i find myself doing alot of work but my faith is still lacking. That is something I am improving in but at the same time i know that i shouldnt stop doing work either. I really want to gain the gift of God. My second favorite chapter was chapter 7 there was a lot of little details there that i didnt know of. I knew the different laws but i didnt find myself actually think each of them. I had never actually read the book of Romans before and i find it very interesting. It actually makes keep me interested. Theres somepart in the Bible that bore you because thats not what we like to read. I am enjoying my time reading the book of Romans and understanding and leaning new things from another prospective.

Blood Brothers Essay Example for Free

Blood Brothers Essay Within a Blood Brothers. Compare the role of the narrator in the Play Blood Brothers and consider how you Would present the narrator to an audience if you were the director. The dictionary definition of narrate VT (a story) to tell, relate; to give an account of; (film, TV) to provide a spoken commentary for narration n narrator n The tradition of narration came from the Greek chorus. Their were thirteen people in the chorus; all singing and dancing. The chorus which served as the narrator, asked probing questions, and also gave great advice to the heroes. If there was any violence it was merely narrated, and not presented for fear of offending the audience. The purpose of the narrator is to let the audience know what is going on. Narration is one of the most important components of a story. The characters, plot, setting, and theme are also significant; however the narrator sets the mood and also the pace of the story, as well as predicting what might happen when the narrator is omniscient. In Blood Brothers the narrator plays a variety of roles for example sometimes he is at a higher status than them and also is sometimes very negative. The original Greek narrator was in a chorus which consisted of thirteen people, in the play Blood Brothers the narrator sang with the characters but he was much more involved and not separated, as the Greek chorus were. The Greek chorus usually stayed as part of the chorus or on the side of the stage. They knew everything about the characters and sometimes they could see into the future like in Blood Brothers when the narrator was preparing the audience for what was going to come next in throughout the play. They usually spoke the beginning and end of the play. He narrated the beginning of the play to set the scene and at the end he was the last one to speak before they in Blood Brothers case this was just after the twins died. In act 1 scene 1 the narrator is a storyteller. He also sounds, very negative in what he is saying as he says Brother parted from brother Wrenched apart A stone in the place of a heart which is negative. His mother gave him away because she didnt think she would be able to cope and also because of money as well as her other seven children. I feel that the narrator is being very harsh because the way he says A stone in the place of a heart but she knew that she might be able to cope with one more children but not with two as its only her to look after them. I dont think its good that the narrator manipulates the characters minds as it is coming away from the tradition so I dont think thats a good idea because as soon as one thing changes they change everything. In this scene Act 1 scene 3 the shoes the shoes Whats wrong with them on. On the table take them off take them off oh god you never put new shoes on a table Miss Lyons. You never know what might happen. The narrator is forcing the idea of superstitions and it makes the audience wonder if it will have any effects, as it appears to. Eventually he is also trying to enforce that as she was not very well educated and believe in superstition like that but as the educated ones know more and are better off so they dont believe in as much superstition as them. The narrator appears to be working in Mrs Lyons favour and against the mother. In act 1 scene 6 the narrator informs the audience he has also set up his plan on controlling the families, that the mother reminding the audience of the decision and is regretting giving her baby away, The debt makes it sound like its a business deal and is also a metaphor, Paid those words are both cold. The narrator is also blaming the mother for giving her child away. I think that it is her fault for giving her child but at the end of the day she knew she wouldnt be able to cope with any more children so she had to do something. The narrators main role throughout the show is to act as a constant reminder to us of the brothers tragic fate for example Shoes upon the table which is repeated throughout both acts of the show. In Act 2 scene 1 the narrator makes this scene particularly eerie. The idea of the devil being there all the time indicates something terrible might happen. Here he is playing the part of the devil theres no use clutching at your rosary, the Devils in the back yard, he can see thought the gaps in the curtains he sees it all, theres no use in hiding in the hall. When he raps at the knocker then he knows youre in; No you wont no youll never get away from him. This raises an evil issue as hes everywhere. The last two lines No you wont, No youll never get away from him. Is an eerie writing that is repeated for even more effect. From Act 2 scene 11 we notice from the first two lines that there is repetition. The only difference is of the back yard working class garden middle class. Devil in your bones getting into your ghostly running away from someone you can run hide but hell always find you when he rings at the chimes it builds up tension as he is saying that you will never get away from the devil even if you run hide hell always find you and is also showing the ghostly side of him, and again the idea of the negative within the play. From Act 4 Scene 1 we notice the narrator in a positive light as he comments The summers never ever going to end The devil is hardly visible. There is not much evidence of negative. The narrator also makes the audience happy which also makes the m unprepared for what is coming. In Act 4 scene 2 there is as difference as the social class has divided them because Mickey wanted to work but Eddie has a lot of money and doesnt have to work which causes frustration for Mickey. Again the narrator hints at the idea that the social class division may lead to a negative outcome. In this scene (Act 4 scene 3) Mickey is offered a job from Eddie but refuses it and is sad because he cannot find one himself, the feels that he has lost the sense of pride. Again this gives the audience even more clue that because of this Mickey and Eddie will be torn apart even more. In Act 5 scene 1 Linda got Mickey and Eddie takes over his fathers business. Gradually throughout the play the narrator is not warning + predicting but gradually taking over the whole character by being within that character. If I was the director I would dress the narrator in black as that is a dark colour and also can represent the negativity in the play. But I would also dress him in a lighter colour like yellow to show the happier side of the narrator. I would make him dress in red to show the devil side of him or give him a red fork so show that there is also a devil with in him when he is manipulating the characters to do bad things or talking in a cold tone. Id also consider putting him at a higher status I would make him stand on the balcony or on staging blocks as he seems to be controlling the families but I would also ask him to walk around so he would be in with the cast to show the equality in status at times. He would have a deep voice as many people see god as having a deep voice and as he is controlling the families and is a higher status and people see god to be in the sky. My narrator would appear at the beginning and at the end of the play. He would also appear to sing with the characters so he will be interacting with the characters. He would also be standing on the balcony at the side when he would be controlling the families I would also want him to interact with the characters as I want him walking around in between the characters when they are frozen and he is explaining to the audience what is happening. For the body language if I was showing the bad side of him I would make him stand in one place at a higher status staring down at the characters but if hes in a good mood I want him walking around interacting with the characters. I would also give him a strong accent as many people perceive god to have a strong accent and a deep voice. He will also talk loud as thats how many people see god. Conclusion The understanding of the narrator has helped me to analyse this dramatic technique by setting the scene, also explaining to the audience what is going on. I found it particularly useful to be able to compare the Blood Brothers narrator with the original Greek narrator and this produced me with even more understanding.

Prisoners Plight in Platos Cave Allegory

Prisoners Plight in Platos Cave Allegory Through the interactive oral, I learned about the prisoners plight in Platos cave allegory. In the allegory, there are prisoners, chained, and facing a wall with a fire behind them. Objects are held up, casting shadows on the walls. The prisoners are only able to see the projected shadows; therefore, the prisoners could mistake these shadows for reality. If a prisoner were to be released and leave the cave, they would be blinded by the light and realize their error. A recurring motif in Sophocles Oedipus the King is sight and blindness and this motif is revealed as the prisoners in the allegory are mirrored by the characters during their journey to enlightenment. Firstly, Tiresias, in relation to Platos cave allegory, is the individual outside of the cave who is all- knowing, understanding the falsity of what the prisoners perceive. His knowledge of the truth is clear as it is Tiresias who reveals Oedipus crimes to him, setting him off on a journey of self- discovery; however, Oedipus hubris enables him from realizing the entire truth. Another character seen as a prisoner in the cave allegory is Jocasta, who experiences life both inside and outside of the cave. When she is inside the cave, she lacks the vision and insight to see Oedipus true identity. However, once free, she is no longer blind; therefore, she realizes that she has not thwarted fate, but has fulfilled it by bedding her son, who is also her husband. Upon reflection, it can be seen that for Jocasta, ignorance is bliss; she would rather deceive herself and believe in an illusion, than live with the truth. The allegory can also apply to Oedipus who, like Jocasta, has spent most of his lifetime inside the cave. Though given a glimpse of reality by Tiresias, his tragic flaw, his pride, prevents him from understanding the entire truth. Ultimately, Oedipus realizes the truth, but his realization leads to his metaphorical demise as he blinds himself. In this way, Oedipus is forced to live in darkness though he knows the truth and is outside the cave. Considering the interactive oral, my understanding of the characters struggle of sight and blindness was further developed as the motif is illustrated through the prisoners in Platos cave allegory and depicted by different characters in Sophocles Oedipus the King. The Inevitability of Truth Sophocles was an Ancient Greek writer whose works are considered as classics to this day. His tragedies offer insight into the social and political condition of Ancient Greek and often have deep, underlying messages. In one of his best known tragedies, Oedipus the King, Sophocles uses the motif of sight and blindness as a metaphor for insight and knowledge. While the physically blind prophet Tiresias is the only character who has insight, the protagonist, Oedipus, is blind to the fact that he has already fallen into his fate. Likewise, Jocasta, the wife of Oedipus, is metaphorically blind to the truth and willing to live in ignorance rather than knowing the truth. Regardless of willingness to accept the truth, Tiresias, Jocasta, and Oedipus ultimately achieve sight which represents knowledge of the truth, paralleling the inevitability of fate. Though physically blind, Tiresias has far more insight and knowledge than the other characters, even knowing the truth about Oedipus identity. When Oedipus arrives in Corinth, Tiresias recognizes him and refuses to reveal the truth, knowing that truth is harsh. Only when Oedipus mocks him, Tiresias suggests that Oedipus himself is Laius murderer and the subject of the prophecy. TIRESIAS: That man, I say, is here: a stranger in our midst, they thought, but in a moment you shall see him openly displayed a Theban born, and shattered by the honor. Blind instead of seeing, beggar instead of rich, hell grope his way in foreign parts, tapping out his war with stick in hand. (Sophocles 26) Despite his blindness, Tiresias is not afraid of Oedipus because he knows the truth. Therefore, he holds an advantage over Oedipus and offers hints about the man he seeks, clearly stating that man is here. Though Oedipus has insulted Tiresias, he is unwilling to reveal the harsh reality. Instead, he leaves Oedipus with an ironic riddle in which he refers to Oedipus as a stranger in our midst since Oedipus is a stranger to himself; he does not know he is the man whom he so desperately seeks. Furthermore, Tiresias claims Oedipus will be able to see this stranger, which is also ironic since Oedipus, who can physically see at the moment, is unable to recognize the truth behind Tiresias message. Finally, he foreshadows Oedipus future as a poor, blind man; in this way, Tiresias directly refers to Oedipus peripeteia, the reversal of his situation. Therefore, Tiresias metaphorical sight allows him to recognize fate and its working, unlike Oedipus whose pride blinds him to his fate. Like Oedipus, Jocasta can see physically, but is a victim of metaphorical blindness and is willing to live a life of ignorance rather than live with the truth. Jocasta, too, receives hints of Oedipus reality throughout the play, but deliberately attempts to ignore them, choosing ignorance over truth. When Jocasta realizes the truth before Oedipus, she begs him to stop his pursuit in order to prevent future pain. JOCASTA: Yet be persuaded, please. Do not proceed. OEDIPUS: Persuaded from the truth? Pursuing it? I must. JOCASTA: God help you, Oedipus! Hide it from you who you are. (Sophocles 59) Learning the truth about Oedipus identity devastates Jocasta as she begs Oedipus in a frantic and desperate tone. Her despair is further established as she even pleads to God to help Oedipus; this is a bitter concession of her belief in the power of the gods over chance. Ironically, prior to Jocastas revelation of the truth, she was a strong believer in chance and mocked the gods, clearly rejecting the oracles sayings. Once she has achieved metaphorical sight, she has no choice but to acknowledge the power of the gods; however, the truth pains Jocasta and she wishes to revert to her old life of ignorance as seen in her attempt to dissuade Oedipus in his own journey to uncover the truth. She desperately begs Oedipus to hide from the reality of his identity. By hiding from his own self and the truth of his identity, Oedipus would be concealed from the knowledge of the bleak and bitter truth that he is the murderer of Laius who wed his own mother; his sight would be concealed and the tr uth would be prevented from being discovered. Therefore, knowing that the truth is harsh, Jocasta reveals her own wishes to live in ignorance rather than truth. Jocastas recognition of the truth points to the power of fate as she tries to prevent the truth from coming into the light, denying the veracity of oracle, which is ultimately all in vain and useless to the power of fate. Contrary to Tiresias, Oedipus has the ability to see physically; however, his fatal flaw shadows his ability to see the truth, which ultimately leads to his downfall. In his attempt to discover the truth about the murder of Laius, he seeks Tiresias. After being insulted and mocked, Tiresias reveals hints about the truth Oedipus is blind to: TIRESIAS: I say, the murderer of the man whose murder you pursue is you. TIRESIAS: I say that you and your most dearly loved are wrapped together in a hideous sin, blind to the horror of it. OEDIPUS: You think you can go babbling unscathed? TIRESIAS: Unscathed indeed, if truth is strength. OEDIPUS: It is. But not for you, you purblind man: in ears and mind and vision. (Sophocles 21) Despite the hints, Oedipus interprets Tiresias words as attacks of retaliation and cannot see past his own pride; he is unable to see the truth even though it is laid in front of him. Though Tiresias declares two truths, directly referring to Oedipus by using the words I say, you, Oedipus simply disregards the repetition of Tiresias declarations and essentially his pride blinds him from realizing the truth of Tiresias words that are so barely laid out in front of him. Furthermore, Oedipus goes on to mock Tiresias physical blindness, which is ironic given that it is in fact Oedipus who is blind to the truth despite his ability to see physically. Therefore, Tiresias is Oedipus only hope of knowing the truth; however, it is Oedipus own pride that prevents him from accepting the hints of truth. Since Oedipus had many opportunities to recognize the truth earlier and avoid his fate, his inability to detect these hints due to his fatal flaw makes his downfall even harsher. The skills and strengths that allow Oedipus to achieve status and glory also drive Oedipus to his destruction; therefore, his strengths also play as his weaknesses and lead to both his rise and ultimate downfall. Although many associated with Oedipus, including his parents, attempt to prevent fate, it is Oedipus true lack of knowledge caused by his pride, which leads to his downfall. When Oedipus discovers the truth, he gouges out his eyes, physically blinding himself from the reality. After learning about the harsh reality, he exclaims, How terrible- to see the truth when the truth is only pain to him who sees! (Sophocles 154).ÂÂ   Through this act, Oedipus makes a transition from metaphorical blindness to insight by physically blinding himself. Now that Oedipus is fully aware he has fulfilled the prophecy he tried so desperately to avoid, he becomes overwhelmed by the physical light in which he was metaphorically blind and seeks refuge in the dark. Since he is unable to handle reality, he chooses to live in physical darkness which allows him to reflect on his actions in an attempt to absolve his guilt. This act can also be seen as a way for Oedipus to punish himself, perhaps reducing his guilt and pain. Now aware of the reality, Oedipus acknowledges that along his journey, there were many truths laid out in front of him, but he was unable to recognize them. In this way, he realizes that the truth is only painful to the one who can see it. Ironically, in the end, Oedipus becomes physically what he has always metaphorically been: blind. Therefore, it is Oedipus own fatal flaw that blinds him from the truth and ultimately causes his downfall. Thus, by the end of the play, Tiresias, Jocasta, and Oedipus are fully aware of the truth, though it is too late to reverse or manipulate any of fates doings. Tiresias, who possesses the ability to see the truth, is physically blind and taken lightly by the other characters who fail to heed his warnings and recognize the truth laid barely in front of them. Despite Jocastas rejection of the oracles message and Oedipus decision to ignore the oracles words due to metaphorical blindness, the predictions become truth by the end of the play. Therefore, the opportunities to avoid or change fate depend on the ability to understand and see the truth. It is only if these opportunities are taken that fate can be manipulated; otherwise, fate will continue in motion.

Raves :: Free Essay Writer

Raves What is a rave? A rave usually refers to an all night party, open to the general public, where loud â€Å"techno† music is mostly played and many people can partake in a number of different chemicals (Official). Raves are fairly decent and you don’t hear much about them on the streets. Yet some people who go to the raves try to sell their drugs to ravers and that’s what makes the word rave so bad. Because of those people Mayor Daley has planned crack down on jailing building owners and managers who let their properties be used for raves where drugs are peddled. They approved of this Thursday, April 19, 2001. The range for jail term runs from two weeks to six months (Rave). But why are raves getting the reputation they are? Raves are getting bad reputations because of the drug peddlers that go to the raves to sell their ecstasy and stamina enhancing drugs. According to a website called Dancesafe.com ecstasy is a safe drug if you stay away from the listed k inds of ecstasy. The parents of the kids going to these raves are not saying a word about the drug situation there. They still let their kids go because they know it is safer than being out on the street or at some drinking party getting drunk and then having the risk of them driving home. If you ask me raves aren’t so bad, I’ve been to several of them and out of all of the ones I have gone I have only seen two peddlers selling X. They were all-night raves and tons of people and everyone was all wired and dancing and moving around like mad. â€Å"It’s a love circle, It’s like a 1960’s scene – all the races together, dancing, having a communal experience.† says Laze (Gracia). At raves there are different rooms. One room is the main room where the dancing goes on and all the music is spun and where most of the people are. Some of the music that is played there is House, Techno (most common), breakbeat, Trance, Tribal, and Progressive. The visual eff ects and a lot at the raves. Most of them use laser shows, others use laser that goes with the beat, and of course the classic strobe light. Then there is another room called the â€Å"cool down room† where you can buy water and energy drinks and sit down and talk to all the other ravers there and meet different girls and stuff.

The Roseto Mystery and Outliers :: Literary Analysis

The ideas presented in Outliers are surprisingly aligned with my own. It makes sense to me that a person’s success isn’t all about ability and his or her individual merit. In the past I have reflected upon my successes to find that I was not alone while achieving them. I have been given tremendous opportunities in life. I have always challenged my own definitions, and I like the spin Malcolm Gladwell puts on his. â€Å"The Roseto Mystery† makes me want to go knock on my neighbor’s doors. I am not saying that I have the courage to do so, but I certainly would like to. I tend to be pessimistic when it comes to meeting new people. Wolf’s conclusions are helping me tip the scale the other way, seeing the glass half full. If people in Roseto truly lived longer, happier, healthier lives due to the involvement in their community, then I am tempted to summon the nerve to do the same. Chapter 1 has familiarity in my life. In the 8th Grade my father moved us to the Midwest from Southern California; culture shock! Dad decided that I should play football at the Junior High, after all my cousin played on the team, and so did my father when he was in school. Most of the other players were a minimum of one year older than me. It is common practice for parents to hold their boys back a year to start school; this gives the boys a size advantage in sports. By the time adolescence rolls around, one year makes a big difference in a young man’s size. Also, I was born in November; not a prime year for sports league cut-offs. When it came playing football, I was severely outsized by my teammates. Due to my experience, I tend to agree with having sports league try-outs split into semesters or trimesters to allow the same opportunities available to more players. Of course the logic in Chapter 2 is easy to agree with; I really agree with the ideas about opportunities the most. Chances at success are scarce. As the population grows chances become increasingly scarce.

The Print Media Is Less Effective Than Other Media Types :: essays research papers

The Print Media Is Less Effective Than Other Media Types   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The print media has little significance in shaping public reaction to political events in this age of CNN and news ON-LINE. This is because of the audience, work, and time involved in each. That is, the number of people that each reaches, the amount of work involved to get the scoop, and the amount of time it takes each to broadcast the news.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first reason, the amount of people that the news reaches, is probably the biggest factor. Television is watched by most of the population whereas, the amount of people that receive a newspaper, or other source of obtaining news information, such as NEWSWEEK, is considerably less. Also, television offers a variety of channels and programs, which means a more complete story, as opposed to a newspaper which might only offer one view.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another reason that television is preferred to print is because of the amount of work involved. The newspaper, or a magazine, is something that you have to go out and get, or even worse, wait for. News is not readily available, and waiting can be unpleasant if you are anxious for the inside scoop. Television, on the other hand, is available on a daily basis, and it can be turned on at any. Satellite owners have an even greater advantage, they can find global news and have a greater number of choices such as which news program to watch. Also, if a person is illiterate or a poor reader, it is quite obvious that they will choose television over a newspaper. Television is a much easier alternative than obtaining news through print.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A third and very important reason that print is the less effective method of obtaining information is time. It takes much longer than watching television or listening to the radio. For example, if a person works a lot and spends his other time taking care of a family and driving to and from work, then that person is going to choose the radio over the newspaper.

Barbara Bush’s address to Wellesley College Graduates in 1990

Barbara Bush’s address to Wellesley College graduates in 1990 has revealed significant inconsistencies in Bush’s ability to evaluate hostile audience. In the light of several critical remarks and the desire to address Wellesley audience on equal terms, Barbara Bush’s commencement address remains a bright example of one’s inability to perform a thorough rhetorical research before a speech is delivered to the target audience.This might sound snobby, but Barbara Bush’s commencement speech at Wellesley did not produce the desired effect: for the audience, the speech has turned into an instrument of ironic evaluation of Bush’s rhetoric capabilities. Mrs. Bush started her speech with a special referral to Robert Fulghum’s story about pastor and a small girl who wanted to be a mermaid. â€Å"Now this little girl knew what she was and she was not about to give up on either her identity, or the game† (Bush).Taking into account that Welle sley College is a purely female environment (female students only), Barbara Bush might have implied that women do have a chance to find their place under the sun; furthermore, women should be able to protect their position and views against all odds.In reality, Barbara Bush was trying to emphasize the importance of diversity in education: dwarfs, giants, wizards and mermaids were used as metaphors and probably referred to different ethnic groups. â€Å"Diversity, life anything worth having, requires effort† (Bush).Taking into account that 6% of Wellesley students are African Americans, and 26% are of Asian Pacific origin (Peterson’s Planner), Barbara Bush might have succeeded in embracing diversity issues in her speech, but she has evidently failed to make her speech humorous.It is very probable that in her speech Barbara Bush forgot that she was speaking to women graduates. Wellesley graduates had passed a long way to getting Bachelor’s degree in arts; they wer e looking forward to finding their social place under sun.For some unknown reasons, Bush has initially placed special emphasis on the importance of marriage and children for women, forgetting about their future professionalism and career growth. Although her referral to â€Å"children must come first† was very objective and correct, Bush seemed to speak about the importance of her own marriage, and not about those who were in front of her. Barbara Bush was trying to expand the boundaries of traditional female social vision: â€Å"for over fifty years it was said that the winner of Wellesley’s annual hoop race would be the first to get married.[†¦] So I want to offer a new legend: the winner of the hoop race will be the first to realize her dream† (Bush). That passage could potentially become a very good ending of Bush’s speech, but it has only created another rhetoric controversy: the linguistic parallel between the hoop race and the future professio nal life opportunities for Wellesley graduates contradicted the previous â€Å"marriage-driven† set of Bush’s thoughts.ConclusionPublic speeches are the instruments of evaluating one’s rhetoric abilities. Speeches are also the keys to one’s true identity. Barbara Bush’s commencement address to Wellesley graduate students is a bright example of how speeches should not be delivered. Various linguistic speech elements should be used appropriately to fit particular audience. Although Barbara Bush was trying her best to encourage Wellesley graduates, her speech has been a set of separate contradicting thoughts.As a result, Bush’s speech has turned into the means of evaluating her weak abilities to speak to hostile audience.Works CitedBush, B. P. â€Å"Commencement Address at Wellesley College†. 1990. American Rhetoric. 15 June 2008. http://www. americanrhetoric. com/speeches/barbarabushwellesleycommencement. htm.Peterson’s Planner. â€Å"Wellesley College: Overview. † 2008. Peterson’s Planner. 15 June 2008. http://www. petersons. com/ugchannel/code/InstVC. asp? inunid=9608&sponsor=1.

Nude in art Essay

The nude has changed dramatically throughout time in terms of its role in the art world. It has been used to portray a person’s power and their weakness, the way they see themselves and the way others see them. The majority of nude artworks are of the female nude, as highlighted by John Berger, ‘men look at women, women look back at themselves being looked at. ’ Vanessa Beecroft, a contemporary artist deems to challenge the way society views the nude in both high art and everyday contemporary society. She challenges the way women are judged on their appearance a base concept that is seen throughout many pervious images of the nude in art. In 1599 Pieter Pauwel Rubens depicts just that, the judgment of a women based on looks – in his painting, The Judgment of Paris, which depicts Venus the goddess of beauty and love being judged as the most beautiful female by the judge – Paris. In contrast to these female nudes, during the renaissance, Michelangelo’s nudes consisted of mainly males. He used the nude to show both desire and strength as well as his devotion to religion and art. The nude in art can been seen changing as society does throughout time. In the contemporary society we live in today, we, the audience, are more likely to accept the nude as part of everyday life because of the way mass media has influenced us as a society. However, before times when the nude was common sight and open sexual desire was seen as something preposterous, artists used the nude as a way of portraying their personal aesthetic ideals though religious figures, showing their love for both the art itself and their nude subjects. Michelangelo was first and foremost a sculptor. One of his most famous nude sculptures was that of David – depicted in the moments before he defeated Goliath. Created in 1504, Michelangelo sculpted for four years to create, in his own eyes, the finest sculpture of David possible. Michelangelo’s own dedication to the piece highlights his love for the subject as well as the art form. David was depicted as athletic but natural with some fetchers such as his hand and head enlarged for emphasis. David’s naked form symbolised his high religious status to Michelangelo. He felt that perfection such as David’s should not be hidden, this can be seen throughout a range of Michelangelo’s works, both sculpted and painted where he depicts religious figures of high value as nudes and covers lower class subjects with the cloth of a slave as if to cover their shame. Therefore, it can be seen that Michelangelo mirrors his own ideals in the form of religious figures to depict the perfection he desires as well as display this to the audience for them to subconsciously judge the subjects of his work under their own ideals. During the Baroque era, Rubens depicts the scene of the judgment of Paris, this painting allows the male subject to openly judge the female on their beauty alone. While depicting this mythological tale Rubens also himself paints the Venus to meet his ideal expectations of a woman’s desirable qualities, both physically and temperamental and offers her to the audience’s judgment also. Rubens has posed the women to show off their bodies in the most desirable way as well as highlight their key fetchers’ such as their nipples and lips in deep red and gold against their pure skin, he paints the woman with small breasts and wide hips – the ideal representation of female beauty at the time. Implied innocence hides the male voyeurism in this scene – all figures are equally naked however, only the female body is on show, all male’s in the image are either turning away from the audience or are modestly hidden by lavish draping’s, furthermore, the woman are surrounded by small winged children named, Putti; these figures are associated with love and sexual encounters. The ultimate goal for all the women in this painting is to win the love of Paris through their beauty and Venus’ ideal attraction symbolises the high value placed on this virtue and highlights their love and physical beauty as the most important quality they have to offer. Contemporary artist, Vanessa Beecroft challenges the way the nude has been viewed throughout past art as well as how it is perceived in modern society. Beecroft is most known for her confronting live performances in which a selection of like women are stood on high heels and not much else, facing the audience’s gaze. Beecroft aims to provoke reaction from the audience, both male and female, the gaze these models hold as well as their physical closeness to the audience highlight the fact that these women know they are being looked at and judged and consequently look back and judge the audience creating an uncomfortable but eye opening experience for both the models and the viewer. Beecroft challenges the way the nude body is perceived by both high art and by the public and questions a woman’s need to conform to societies expectations as well as focusing on how the concept of beauty can change over a period of time, Beecroft states, ‘maybe if they (the audience) see it twenty times they’ll start not to think of it in the same way, I’m not sure, it’s an experiment. In conclusion it can been seen that the nude has changed dramatically throughout time however, it has always been associated by different forms of beauty and judgment, due to the human nature of the artists that create such works. It can also be highlighted that the way the audience as well as the artist sees the nudes they depict can change during the artwork or during their lifetime depending on how they are influenced by the changing world around them.

Regime Type and its Influences on Growth Essay

During the last period of the 20th century, the world has observed the so called â€Å"Asian Miracle†, the phenomenon refers to Asian countries that achieved a very high growth rate that western countries have never experience before. Interestingly, one common thing these Asia countries have in common are the experience of a certain level of dictatorship. For example, China’s economy during 1960-1980 was heavily centralized and the private sector was not allowed to exist. Singapore gained their independence in 1945 and started to develop with the leading role of government. Japan, Malaysia, Korea, and Vietnam experienced the same level of dictatorship when they started to open their market and turn into market economies. The idea behind this phenomenon is because the government can quickly decide what industry to investment in and the large investment help these industries to acquire economics of scale quickly. The government takes the leading role as the distributor of resources instead of the market as in Western countries. My study aims at examine the relationship between the level of dictatorship and the growth rate. Literature Review That good governance is necessary for economic development was until recently the conventional wisdom. In 2002, for example, a USAID study asserted that â€Å"without good governance, it is impossible to foster development†. Lately, however, this paradigm has begun to lose ground. Robert Zoellick, president of the World Bank, argued in an October 2010 speech that development practitioners should embrace â€Å"differentiated policy approaches† noting that â€Å"what may safeguard (development) in one context my strangle in another†. The leaders of the G20 nations in November endorsed a â€Å"Seoul Consensus† that â€Å"there is no one size fits all formula for development success and that developing countries must take the lead in designing and implementing development strategies tailored to their individual need and circumstances†. The topic of whether democracy and autocracy is more appropriate for growth has received a lot of attention lately. This paper will examine five papers as examples of the current state of knowledge. Wilkin (2011) provides several definitions of good governance that he use in his paper. The World Bank defines governance is the process and institutions through which  decisions are made and authority in a country is exercised. Wilkin uses the governance metric offered by the Worldwide Governance Indicators Project. The indicators are grouped into six categories that are a useful guide to the dimensions of governance quality as it is generally conceived: (1) voice and accountability (2) political stability and absence of violent, (3) government effectiveness, (4) regulatory quality, (5) rule of law and (6) control of corruption. According to this metric, Wilkin point out that China continues to perform poorly on most of these indicators, ranking near or below the 50th percentile of countries assessed, while nonetheless achieving one of the fastest income growth rates of any country in the world. The reason that oligarchies in these countries can be beneficial to development is that they produce consistent policy choices. There are many developing countries that have achieved brief spurts of rapid per capita income growth – in fact, Wilkin specifies that, more than 130 countries have experienced annual per capita income growth of 6% or more for five or more of the years between 1950 and 2007. The challenge is not to achieve growth of 6% or more for a few years, which is unremarkable, but to do so for decades. This produces exponential rates of development, doubling the population’s average income roughly every 12 years. To attain this kind of consistency, oligarchy or authoritarian governance is useful and highly effective. Rodan and Jayasuriya (2009) focus their paper on the transition process and how capitalism developed in several Asian countries. They compare several regimes types across Southeast Asia and how the transition affect economic performance. The authors argue that a transition in Singapore from â€Å"competitive authoritarianism† to a more genuinely competitive political system requires a transformation in the political economy that suppresses bases for independent political organization. Meanwhile, political parties in post-authoritarian regimes in Thailand, Philippines and Indonesia do not operate quite as their counterparts historically have in earlier industrializing countries – not simply because of deficient institutions but because of the structural constraints on labor, social justice groups and other actors in civil society. Chin-en Wu (2012) raise the question of â€Å"whether democracy or autocracy is better for economic performance?† By incorporating both institutional  factors and structural incentives into his model, he find that the relative strength of political regimes in steering economic development is conditional on structural factors, which exert greater influence in autocracies than in democracies. For instance, when confronting external challenges, increasing national wealth becomes the most effective way for authoritarian leaders to reduce survival risk. Development provides incumbent governments with sufficient financial resources, which can finance the states apparatuses, including the bureaucracy and coercive forces such as the military and police. Failure to cope with external threats could result in seceding territories and damaging domestic support, both increasing the probability of losing power. Given the unfavorable structural condition, i.e., low levels of external threats of abundant resources wealth, dictators have weak incentives to implement growth-supporting policies. In a democracies, by contrast, the presences of democratic institutions induces political leaders to deliver public goods and partially substitute the role of structural factors. Conversely, where structural factors are conducive to growth, democracies do not necessarily outperform autocracies and may even grow at a slower rate because the flaw that are inherent in this system. Folch (2007) wrote a paper about the potential punishment under dictatorship. This paper explores whether the probability of being punished after losing power leads dictator to restrain their level of predation and, thus, increase economic growth. Holding dictators accountable is a difficulty problem, but under certain circumstances it might well improve their policy choices. Folch prove that dictators’ post tenure fate plays a key role in determining their level of graft and, hence, their economic performance. The logic Folch provide is quite simple, if dictators expect that after losing or giving up power they will be able to enjoy their booty in pleasant exile or in their own countries, their level of rent-extraction will be higher and this will lead growth rate to shrink. On the contrary, if the probability of being punished is high enough, dictators will constrain their greed and economic performance will improve. To confirm his theory, the author employ a simple model of predatory rule, and the consequences of increasing probability of punishment after losing power is explored. The  probability of punishment is proven to have a positive and significant effect on the rate of growth of GDP and alternative specification of growth regressions. Pitlik’s paper (2008) put an emphasis on the impact of growth performance on economic policy liberalization. He rejects the benefit of authoritarian regimes. In his paper, he investigates empirically the interaction between economic growth performance and political institutions in producing free-market reform. Using the data of up to 120 countries over the period of 1970-2004, Pitlik shows that political regime types systematically shape government policy responses to economic growth performance. In line with several other contributions, the author finds that democratic rule is favorable for reform in general. Contrary to conventional wisdom, he argues Economic policy reform is a conflict-ridden political process. Policies beneficial for society as a whole are often not implemented due to a fierce opposition from politically powerful prospective losers from reforms. In this respect, it is often claimed that a very poor economic performance can help overcome resistance to economic policy liberalization. Furthermore, political authorities not constrained by democratic checks and balances are often supposed to be more decisive and thus expected to carry out market-friendly policy change in times of crises more easily. Later, Pitlik concludes that there is no need for autocratic rule to implement economic policy reform in times of crises. Democracies not only carry out more liberal economic policies in general, but they are also more responsive to economic growth crises. Barro (1996) did a throughout research on determinate of growth in his paper. First variable he analyzed is the convergence of economies. He pointed out that, based on the neoclassical growth model developed by Ramsey (1928), Solow (1956), Swan (1956), Cass (1965) the lower the starting level of real per capita gross domestic product (GDP) the higher is the predicted growth rate. That is, if all economies were intrinsically the same, except for their starting capital intensities, then convergence could apply in an absolute sense; in other words, poor countries would tend to grow faster per capita than rich ones. However, if economies differ in various respects –  including propensities to save and have children, willingness to work, access to technologies, and government policies- then the convergence force applies only in a conditional sense. He conclude that, the growth rate should be higher if the starting per capita GDP is low in relation to is long-run or steady-state p osition; that is, if an economy begins far below its own target positon. He gives an example of a poor country that also has a low steady-state position – possibly because its public policies are harmful or its saving rate is low- would not tend to grow rapidly. Barro also made a very important contribution in analyzing the interplay between economic and political development. He shares the same idea with Friedman (1962) that the two â€Å"political freedom and economic freedom are mutually reinforcing†. Though, he stressed on the growth retarding aspects of democracy: The tendency to enact rich-to-poor redistributions of income. Authoritarian regimes may partially avoid these drawbacks of democracy. Moreover, nothing in principle prevents non-democratic governments from maintaining economic freedom and private property rights. A dictator does not have to engage in central planning, he said. Some examples of autocracies that have expanded economic freedoms include the Pinochet government of Chile, the Fujimore administration in Peru, the Shah’s regime in Iran and several current governments in East Asia. Schwarz (1992) observed that most OECD countries began their modern economic development in system with limited political rights and became full-fledged representative democracies only much later. Barro concludes that an increase in political rights tends to enhance growth and investment because the benefit from limitations on governmental power is the key matter. But in places that have already achieved a moderate amount of democracy, a further increase in political rights impairs growth and investment because the dominant effect comes from the intensified concern with income redistribution. Lipset (1959)’s paper focuses on the relationship between propensity and democracy. He apparently prefers to view it as the Aristotle hypothesis: â€Å"From Aristotle down to the present, men have argued that only in a wealthy society in which relatively few citizens lived in real poverty could a situation exist in which the mass of the population could intelligently participate in politics and could develop the self-restraint necessary to  avoid succumbing to the appeals of irresponsible demagogues†. Lipset emphasized increased education and an enlarged middle class as elements that expand â€Å"receptivity to democratic political tolerance norms†. Therefore, he conclude that for a country to maintain democracy regime, it is necessary to attain a certain level of education and prosperity. Otherwise, forcing democracy without its prerequisite would lead to reduction in growth rate and political instability. Cheibub (1998) also studies the relationship between political regimes and particular aspect of economic performance. Specifically, it addresses the question of whether regime type, classified as democracy or dictatorship, has a causal impact on the extractive capacity of government, as measured by the level of taxes it collects. The findings reported in his paper are unambiguous: there are no grounds for believing that democracies are less capable of collecting taxes than dictatorships. Although taxes are higher in democracies than in dictatorship, we should not infer that this is due to any inherent feature of democratic regimes. Once we control for the conditions that make us observe countries as one regime type or the other, and conjure up counterfactuals in which countries experiences conditions that are identical in every respect except for their political regime, we observe that the difference in level of taxes between the two regimes disappears. It is not that the two regimes do not matter for taxation. Even though taxation under democracies and dictatorships is influenced by broadly similar factors, there are also notable differences from one regime to the other. Per capita income, however, affects taxation only in democracies, whereas the pressure of servicing foreign debts only affects the level of taxes in dictatorships. Therefore, although there are factors that influence differently the level of taxes collected by the government in each regime, regime type does not affect the overall level of taxation. Democracies are not any less capable than dictatorship of extracting taxes from society.

Revolutionizing Filipino Mindsets Essay

National consciousness among Filipinos is faced with a lot of challenges today. There is a need to revolutionize mindsets and one big factor that has a big impact in the process of revolutionary mindsets is the Media. It is unfortunate that a lot of what the media shows to the public represses transformation. A lot of soap operas that are being shown are remakes of western ones which are usually Korean or Mexican. Products like food and gadgets that are being endorsed are often western brands. In the news, a lot of political issues are centered on corruption making the Political world of the Philippines very controversial. With all these that represses transformation, there is also a rising movement in the process of revolutionizing mindsets. A lot of local commercials or advertisements are using concepts that depict Filipino culture. Examples would be the â€Å"Lucky Soda† crackers that shows the Filipino value of hating-kapatid; Nestle: 100 years na pag-ibig; â€Å"Alaska† with the concept of fiesta sa baryo; Blend 45: Gising Pinoy; Modess: Makabagong Pilipina. A rising number of TV series are contributing to the transformation such as â€Å"MagTV na:atin to!† featuring the different landmarks and cultures around the Philippines; â€Å"Jessica Soho† and â€Å"Rated K† featuring not only interesting stories and topics related to the Filipino culture or heritage but also the modern Filipinos of today; The channel IBC 13 has a lot of shows relating to Filipino consciousness: â€Å"Cooltura† which feature various landmarks around the Philippines including the rich culture of the Philippines; â€Å"Tipong Pinoy† , â€Å"Landmarks† and â€Å"Balay, Tirahan, Kanlungan† featuring landmarks around the Philippines together with the rich history that is attached to the place . In the news, Filipino achievements around the world, big or small are being given emphasis. The Filipino people should be made aware that cultural identity is an unrealized asset for national development. Movements that help transformation should be supported and be given much importance to preserve our culture and to awaken the national consciousness of Filipinos.

5000 word essay following research into Emergency planning and

5000 word following research into Emergency planning and Business Continuity Management and how they may be integrated with Security Risk Management - Essay Example Organisations have no choice but to manage the risk and ensure the stability of all stakeholders with the use and application of corporate governance and other standards. The integration among business continuity management, emergency planning and security risk management proves to be the only reliable way to attain and retain the corporate objectives. The global business environment doesn’t remain the same! Much has changed and much has become complex too. In this environmental complexity, a huge role is being played by globalisation. The developed world undoubtedly observes the saturation of markets. Consequently, the corporations need to search out new investment and business avenues to ensure their corporate existence in the corporate world. The markets of America; and most of European countries have less chances of facilitating the needs of large and big organisations in terms of goods and services; organisations have no other choice left except for taking on more risky investment destinations; such as Asia, Latin America and Africa. As a result, various security risks and challenges would be faced while doing business in these risky investment destinations. Additionally, as the security risk becomes wider and deeper practically and psychologically as well, different measures are pursued, and introduced; among these me asures; corporate social responsibility and corporate governance are more heard and are more demanded by security and regulatory authorities. As the issue of security is becoming a more and more challenging in each passing day, organisations need different and applicable ways to handle and minimise the risks that directly or indirectly threaten the existence of their businesses. Some standards, such as Business Continuity Management System (BCMS) are mostly used by the organisations. With the adoption and implementation of the BCMS, an organisation becomes in a

Theory and Hypothesis in Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Theory and Hypothesis in - Research Paper Example Because of a number of features of theory such as its internal consistency, its consistency with existing facts, its potential for making counter-intuitive prediction and because of its testability, the findings of the theory are not only relevant to theory’s explanations of events but they also help to corroborate the findings of other researchers. The hypothesis generally related with some theory has a greater chance of being correct than the common sense. Almost all scientific theories start as hypotheses. The more the theories are subjected to rigorous tests under a variety of conditions and assumptions and the more they hold up, the more credible they become over time. The relationship between the hypothesis and theory serves to challenge previously held views by introducing different sets of assumptions or more recent information besides expanding the boundaries of research by inferring new hypotheses from the theory using deductive logic and extrapolating them to new si tuations. I reviewed the research paper â€Å"Socioeconomic Status and Beliefs about God’s In?uence in Everyday Life" by Scott Schieman from the journal â€Å"The Sociology of Religion† to see how the author makes use of theory and hypothesis.

Read 3 readings and answer 15 guiding questions about them Essay

Read 3 readings and answer 15 guiding questions about them - Essay Example Smith (547) argues that underwriting of the built environment is a crucial vessel for the accumulation of capital. Owing to the cyclical nature of the process and the durability and fixity of such underwritings new cycles of subsidies are usually linked to crises and shifts of the capital location. This is congruent with Smith’s definition of gentrification – the flow of capital from the cities. Smith (545) defines the rent gap as the difference between the probable ground rent rate and the real ground rent exploited under the current land use. The rent gap is directly proportional to the theory of gentrification. Smith (545) claims that gentrification happens when the rent gap is so wide that developers can buy shells at affordable rates, can pay the builder’s charge and gains for renovation, can service interest on residential and construction loans, and can then trade the end product at a price that guarantees a good profit for the developer. I agree that gentrification is the movement, back to the city, of capital, not people. This is because the circulation of capital is crucial in the settlement and resettlement of people, as well as gentrification. People follow capital, not the opposite. As Smith (547) argues, as per now, the people exploiting this returning capital still come from the city. According to Mitchell (923) calling homelessness in the US a crisis is to abuse language because homelessness is a fixed and justified aspect of the country’s political economy, regardless of the fact that its particular mould, its intensity, and the strategies of managing it have been both geographically and historically relevant. According to Mitchell (945), the deserving poor were those who were ready to acknowledge liability for their situations, accept donations or other gifts with the right measure of humility, start the difficult task of

Experience Through Work Module Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Experience Through Work Module - Essay Example Its expansion into numerous international markets has led the company into becoming a symbol of globalization, over and above, the spread of America’s life style. Moreover, the prominence it holds globally has enabled to become the topic of discussion particularly in terms of obesity, consumer responsibility, and corporate ethics. In essence, the restaurants is said to have both drive through service, and counter service in outdoor and indoor seating. In global operations, the McDonald’s has become a global icon and is known as â€Å"McDonaldization of the society†. Of importance to note is that McDonald’s UK has thrived in the competition field due to the presence of an excellent management team that has ensured that the Company has a strong work force especially in terms of customer satisfaction and delivery services. This has been emphasised through the Human Resource Management, which is the most powerful department in McDonald’s Company. ... nagerial activities, functional areas, nature and impact of the company especially in terms of employees’ satisfaction that ensures that work is done effectively. Principally, there are diverse ways in which managers perform their duties in accordance to the kind of company that he or she is mandated to work for. It is without doubt that management is crucial in every organisation or company as it works as core of a company that has a competitive edge. 2 My Responsibilities included; 1. Assisting in man power planning 2. Involved in designing job analysis 3. Determining wages and Salaries 4. Recruitment and Selection of Employees 5. Assist in performance appraisal 6. Prepare training and development of the work force 7. Employee welfare and motivation 8. Implementing of McDonald’s Policies In essence, as a HR department it is crucial that a record of the future plans is keep to ensure that the company is focused on the goals and objectives that it intend to have current ly and the future. The record further entails the number of employees that intend to leave McDonald’s for one reason or another. Besides, it analysis the productivity levels o f the workers in relation to the competition factor. Consequently, any technological changes that the company goes through are officially noted in relation to the expected growth in sales in the company (Barney 1991). Apparently, the HR department is solely responsible for analysing and giving job description particularly when there are vacancies in various departments in the company. Job analysis is gathering details about the duties, responsibilities, required skills, over and above the work environment. On the other hand, job description regards the tasks, and responsibilities that match particular qualifications of

PESTLE and life Cycle analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

PESTLE and life Cycle analysis - Essay Example According to this method any individual stakeholder or any stakeholder group’s power can be ascertained and managed. Many books define stakeholders to be individuals or groups that have an interest in an organization; hence it may not be necessary for any individual or group to have an interest in any particular organization because interest is not the only ingredient to constitute regard someone as a stakeholder. This can be further explained by giving the example of the society at large which is a major stakeholder to the all factories which are emitting a large quantity of carbon dioxide, hence they only have an interest to the extent of the carbon dioxide emission and they might not have enough power to stop the factories from doing such an act (ACCA, 2007). The five groups of stakeholders that any business organization needs to consider for its growth perspective would be: Shareholders/Owners Employees Customers Government Society at large Majority of banks consider the e mployees to be the most important stakeholder within the banking organization. Banks consider their employees to be their vital stakeholder because of their decision making ability. The employees have the ability to take up decisions on any given matter hence these employees have the ability to drive the bank into a profitable or a loss making venture. This decision is really important for the survival and the long-term growth of the banks and hence it is because of this only reason that the employees have such a powerful decision in their hand, banks considers them to be the most important stakeholder (ACCA, 2007). â€Å"Systems thinking† is a process which tells that different things and activities within nature/organization are totally linked with each other. This theory defines that the activity of one individual or a group would affect the life or decision of other individuals or groups. Systems within an organization include the employees, the processes and the structur e of that organization and it is because of these people, processes and structures that the organizations get affected either in a positive or a negative manner. The banks use the closed systems thinking approach in the entire movie. The best exception would have been to follow the open systems thinking approach where the banks would have been involved in focusing on external issues and threats as well, this way open systems thinking system would help the banks to survive for a long period of time by focusing on the external environment along with the internal one (Gharajedaghi, 1999). The governments should play an important part in stabilizing banks as these banks are the main institutions in any economy. These banks are heavily involved in stimulating an economy and hence they should always be helped in situations when these banks are falling apart. Government interference in managing the general environment would be really important and these banks can be funded by the governmen ts to make them survive during difficult time periods. The film tells us the Government and the Law Enforcing authorities were really weak in putting up any system that would have led the bank to survive during such difficult times. The banks collapsed leading to further

Current Events and U.S. Diplomacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Current Events and U.S. Diplomacy - Essay Example This resulted to massive inflation rates, unemployment, corruption, and a breakdown of social order. When it came to international diplomacy, Russia remained in the sidelines. The Kosovo War was widely condemned by Russia since Serbia was a historical ally of the Russian people. There was more tension when Russia got embroiled in the Chechnya War, which the United States vehemently opposed. As well known throughout history, sharp disagreements between the two-superpower nations, United States and Russia, have always been around. Each of these great nations has their own perspective on how to deal with international relations and their own internal affairs. When Vladimir Putin came to power in Russia, it raised some concerns among the United States government officials since Putin was a former KGB officer and was completely virtually unknown during his predecessor’s regime. Kanet (2009) pointed this out: Since former President Boris Yeltsin’s selection of Vladimir Putin as his successor, Russia’s fortunes have improved dramatically. In part, this resulted from good luck and the escalating demand for and price of petroleum and natural gas on the world market; in part, it stems from President Putin’s successful reimposition of central control over the political and economic structures across the vast area of the Russian Federation, regardless of the cost in terms of human rights and democracy. Russia’s resurgence as a major power during the past decade has brought with it a reaffirmation of assertiveness in its relations with other states—both those within its stated sphere of influence and those further from Russian territory. (p.4) The rise of the Russian economy after Yeltsin, and during Putin’s time has raised suspicion from the United States since the Russian economy is being used as a political advantage when it comes to international policy making with other countries. This results to Russia having a more influential

Dqweek 7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dqweek 7 - Essay Example to do with how the powers and privileges of society, as well as within the companies themselves, are affected by large organizations . These three, Clegg, Hinings and Greenwood feel that this sociological perspective is required in order that companies can find for themselves the most suitable ways to solve their problems, ways that are both efficient an defective. . Clegg in 2002 ( p 430) drew a parallel with the planning of the Holocaust in World War II. He describes an organization then which worked at optimum efficiency, and achieved its aims effectively, but as far as moral values and ethics were concerned was totally abhorrent. He also stresses that researchers seeking both funding and access to organisations, must focus their research on real problems faced by the businesses concerned. ( page 436) Grey (2010, p 686) and Clegg (2002, 434) point out how between Europe and America there are differences in the way universities operate with Europeans generally being more open to alternative points of view. Grey talks about the ways in which systems of ranking make the positivist/functionalist viewpoint dominant in North American academic circles. He concludes that this ranking system enables the American universities and the academic journals from that part of the world to prevail when it comes to proving the knowledge creation agenda which therefore tends to fit in with their preference for the positivist/functionalist trend. Knowledge creation cannot be allowed to remain as the select domain of an elite group of American scholars and those academic journals which are overly concerned with their own rankings. There are other ways to create knowledge as our DBA programme reveals when it shows how Critical Action Learning when used by scholars who are also practitioners will also generate knowledge. Whether or not it then goes on to publication in a high ranking American journal, it can still be used within our own organisations to

Anthrax Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Anthrax - Essay Example They are of three types: Symptoms: The causal agent does not cause the infection immediately but requires incubation period from 7 to 60 days. The initial symptoms are similar to flu with a very high temperature > 100 F followed by coolness or sweat. It may give chest distress, difficulty in breathing, muscular fatigue. The symptoms also include non-productive cough, aching throat, headache and nausea, loss of appetite, abdominal distress, vomiting or diarrhea (Mikesell,). 1. Cutaneous anthrax (skin): The causal organism gains entry in the body through a cut or an abrasion especially when a person encounters either contaminated animal products or diseased animal. The organism establishes the infection with a raised bump similar to an insect or mosquito bite, followed by itching. After 1-2 days it develops into a vesicle which takes the form of a painless ulcer. This ulcer after 7-10 days becomes black necrotic in the centre called as eschar. The body responds to this by swelling in the adjacent lymph glands. Fever, headache and distress occur. It could be fatal if antimicrobial treatment is not given. 2. Inhalation anthrax: The incubation period varies from 2 to 60 days. The symptoms are similar to common cold or sore throat with a mild fever and muscular pain and malaise. It is not contagious but if untreated the condition results in severe breathing discomfort, shock, symptoms like pneumonia or may give rise to meningitis. It may become fatal in 24 to 36 hrs. 3. Gastrointestinal anthrax: It is more severe form of anthrax than cutaneous form, caused by the consumption of contaminated animal product. This is featured by an acute inflammation of the intestinal tract. The condition onset with nausea, vomiting with blood, followed by loss of appetite, fever and severe abdominal pain and severe diarrhea with blood. It may be fatal in 25-60% of the cases as ascites fills the abdomen, followed by shock an death within the span of 2-5 days. 4. Oropharyngeal anthrax: It is not a popular form of anthrax. This encompasses fever, swelling in the lymph nodes especially in the cervical region and severe throat pain and discomfort in swallowing. Sometimes ulcer may appear at the basal region of tongue. If condition is not cured then breathing distress occurs (http://www.bt.cdc.gov). Treatment and Prevention: The disease is not contagious but the fomites of the patients may be contaminated with the spores of the causal organism. Decontamination of people and belongings is crucial with an antimicrobial agent or with bleach especially formaldehyde as chlorine is ineffective to kill vegetative cells and also the spores. Articles can be decontaminated by boiling them in water for at least 30 mins. Timely care and antibiotic therapy can enhance the chances of survival of the victims. Therapy can be started with the oral course of antibiotics followed by intravenous doses (IV). Fluoroquinolones like ciprofloxacin (cipro), doxycycline, erythromycin, vancomycin or penicillin. Early antibiotic prophylaxis can prevent the disease taking the fatal form. Quarantine